International Students' Day: Celebrating Student Unity and Freedom

International Students' Day: Celebrating Student Unity and Freedom

What is International Students' Day?

Student unity and freedom

International Students' Day is observed annually on 17 November to honor the contributions and sacrifices of students around the world. The day has its roots in a tragic historical event from 1939, when Nazi forces attacked Czech universities, leading to the death and imprisonment of many students. Today, it serves as a reminder of the power of student movements, the importance of education, and the value of multiculturalism.

In Czech Republic and Slovakia, this day is recognized as a public holiday.

The Historical Origins

The story of International Students' Day begins in 1939, during World War II, in German-occupied Czechoslovakia.

On 28 October 1939, Czech students organized a peaceful demonstration in Prague to mark the anniversary of the country’s independence (1918).
The protest turned violent when Nazi forces attacked, and a medical student, Jan Opletal, was shot. He succumbed to his injuries on 11 November 1939.
On 15 November, Opletal’s funeral brought thousands of students together, transforming the procession into a powerful anti-Nazi demonstration.

In response, the Nazis launched a brutal crackdown:

1. Universities were closed indefinitely.

2. Over 1,200 students were sent to concentration camps.

3. Nine students and professors were executed without trial on 17 November 1939.

The Martyrs of 17 November 1939

The following individuals lost their lives during this tragedy:

1. Josef Matoušek

2. Jaroslav Klíma

3. Jan Weinert

4. Josef Adamec

5. Jan Černý

6. Marek Frauwirth

7. Bedřich Koula

8. Václav Šafránek

9. František Skorkovský

International Recognition

The idea to recognize the sacrifices of these students globally began in 1940 in London, where Czech students in exile collaborated with British student organizations. On 17 November 1941, student leaders from 14 countries signed a declaration proclaiming the day as International Students' Day, a symbol of unity against oppression and the fight for democracy.

This effort was supported by Edvard Beneš, the exiled President of Czechoslovakia, and received wide attention through events and broadcasts, especially in British universities.

The Velvet Revolution of 1989

On the 50th anniversary of International Students' Day, Czech students used the occasion to protest against the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia.

The peaceful demonstrations were met with violent suppression by police.
Rumors of a student’s death in the clashes fueled widespread strikes and protests, eventually leading to the Velvet Revolution and the fall of communism in the country.

Today, the day is officially celebrated in the Czech Republic and Slovakia as Struggle for Freedom and Democracy Day.

Modern Observances

In the 21st century, International Students' Day has grown beyond its tragic origins.

Since 2004, student organizations worldwide have revived the day as a platform to promote student rights, education equality, and active citizenship.
In 2009, its 70th anniversary was marked with events across Europe, including a major assembly at the University of Brussels.

Why This Day Matters

International Students' Day is more than a commemoration of the past; it’s a celebration of students' role in shaping the future. It underscores:

The importance of education as a tool for empowerment.
The need to defend freedom and democracy at all costs.
The value of global unity among students to address challenges like inequality and authoritarianism.

Final Thoughts

International Students' Day reminds us of the sacrifices made by students in the past and inspires today’s youth to stand for justice, equality, and freedom. It is a day to celebrate the power of education and unity in creating a better world for all.

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"World Day of Remembrance: Reflecting on Road Traffic Victims"

"17th November: A Day to Celebrate, Inspire and Reflect”

Honoring Lives on World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims

“On this World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims, we honor the 1.19 million lives lost every year on the world’s roads. Each death represents a profound tragedy for families, communities, and societies”. United nations says on Secretary-General's message on the World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims.

Every year on Third Sunday of November, the world comes together to observe the World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims. It’s a day to honor those who have lost their lives or been injured in road accidents and to support their families. The day also reminds us of the importance of road safety and the need for action to prevent further tragedies.

How This Day Began

It was officially recognized by the United Nations General Assembly through resolution A/RES/60/5. This day brings global attention to the impact of road accidents on individuals and families, while emphasizing the need for improved road safety measures.

First Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety

A Milestone Event to Tackle Road Traffic Injuries

The First Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety took place on November 19^th and 20^thday of 2009, in Moscow, Russia. Hosted by the Government of the Russian Federation and initiated at the request of the United Nations General Assembly, this historic event marked a significant step in addressing road safety as a global priority.

Opening of the Conference

The conference was inaugurated by Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and brought together approximately 1,500 participants. Attendees included ministers, representatives from United Nations agencies, civil society organizations, and private companies, all united by a common goal: to tackle the rising number of road traffic injuries and fatalities.

Objectives and Focus

The conference provided a platform to discuss the critical global issue of road safety and its consequences. The key goals were:

1. Addressing the Global Impact: Recognizing the significant and growing effects of road traffic accidents, including loss of lives and economic costs.

2. Reviewing Progress: Evaluating advancements in the implementation of the recommendations from the World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention.

3. Sharing Knowledge and Best Practices: Encouraging the exchange of information, effective strategies, and innovations in road safety management.

Major Outcome: Decade of Action for Road Safety

On November 20, 2009, the conference concluded with a landmark recommendation:

Participants called upon the United Nations General Assembly to declare 2011–2020 as the “Decade of Action for Road Safety.”
The primary goal of this decade was to stabilize and then reduce global road traffic fatalities by 2020 through coordinated global efforts.

Second Global High-Level Conference on Road Safety

On November 18^th and 19^th day of 2015, representatives from around the world gathered in Brasília, Brazil, for the Second Global High-Level Conference on Road Safety. This marked only the second time in history that ministers and officials from transport, health, and interior ministries convened to tackle the pressing issue of road safety on a global scale.

The conference brought together 2,200 delegates from more than 110 countries. Among the prominent speakers were Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff and WHO Director-General Dr. Margaret Chan, who emphasized the urgent need for action to combat the growing road safety crisis.

Third Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety

A Collaborative Effort for Safer Roads

The Third Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety was held on February 19–20, 2020, bringing together representatives from around the world to address one of the most pressing global issues—road safety. The conference saw participation from 140 countries, with over 1,700 delegates in attendance. Among them were more than 70 ministers and deputy ministers, alongside key representatives from international agencies, civil society organizations, foundations, and private sector companies.

Hosted by Sweden in Collaboration with WHO

The conference was hosted by the Government of Sweden in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO). It was organized at the request of the United Nations General Assembly to align efforts in achieving the global agenda for road safety.

Theme: "Achieving Global Goals 2030"

The theme of the conference, "Achieving Global Goals 2030," highlighted the critical connection between road safety and broader Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Participants discussed strategies to integrate road safety into national and global development plans, emphasizing the importance of collaboration among governments, organizations, and industries.

Details on country progress towards the UN road safety goals for India.

Population- 1407.6 million

Reported road traffic fatalities- 153972 Year 2021

WHO estimated road traffic deaths per Lack- 15.4 person’s year 2021

for more update click

Target

1) India has a national strategy that includes several short-term action plans, as well as measurable and time-bound targets to reduce deaths and serious injuries (both to be reduced by 50% over the period 2020–2030).

2) Designs for new road infrastructure projects mandate a formal road safety audit and star/safety rating assessment before construction, considering the safety of all road users, and is applicable to all roads across the country. These standards are aligned with all UN conventions. There is no target set for full compliance.

3) By 2030, more than 75% of travel on existing roads will be on roads that meet technical standards for all road users, taking road safety into account.

4) By 2030, the proportion of vehicles traveling above the posted speed limit will be halved and speed-related injuries and deaths will be reduced.

5) By 2030, increase the proportion of motorcycle riders correctly using standard helmets to close to 100%.

6) By 2030, increase the proportion of motor vehicle passengers using safety belts or standard child-restraint systems to close to 100%

7) Halve the number of road traffic injuries and deaths involving drink-drivers and/or reduce deaths involving other psychoactive substances by 2030.

8) By 2030, all countries will have national laws to restrict or prohibit the use of mobile phones while driving.

9) By 2030, all countries must introduce regulations for driving time and rest periods for professional drivers and/or accept international/regional regulation in this area. By 2030, all countries will set and achieve national targets to reduce the time gap between a road traffic accident and the provision of first professional emergency care.

Ref- www.un.org

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Alyse Ogletree's Incredible Contribution: Over 2,600 Liters of Breast Milk Donated

Alyse Ogletree's Incredible Contribution: Over 2,600 Liters of Breast Milk Donated

from guinness world records

A Remarkable Achievement

Alyse Ogletree, a kind-hearted mother from Texas, has set a new world record for the largest individual donation of breast milk. As of July 2023, she has donated an astounding 2,645.58 liters (89,457.85 US fl oz or 93,111.55 UK fl oz) of breast milk. This incredible feat not only reclaimed the title she first set in 2014, but it also surpassed her previous donation of 1,569.79 liters (53,081 US fl oz) by more than 1,000 liters.

A Heartfelt Commitment to Helping Others

Alyse has donated most of her milk to the Mothers' Milk Bank of North Texas, with additional contributions to Tiny Treasures Milk Bank and a few close friends. She finds joy in knowing that her surplus milk is helping premature babies who need it the most. She loves knowing that she is helping others. While she cannot donate money due to the responsibilities of supporting her own family, giving her breast milk has been a meaningful way for her to give back.

How the Journey Began

Alyse's journey into breast milk donation began in 2010, after the birth of her first son, Kyle, now 14. She was surprised to find that she was producing far more milk than average. She had been unaware that such overproduction was rare, and that other mothers struggled to produce enough milk for their babies. One day, a nurse at the hospital where her son was being treated asked if she was donating her milk. Alyse had no idea that was even an option, but after learning about milk donation, she immediately decided to start sharing her surplus with those in need.

Donating Milk with Every Pregnancy

Alyse continued to donate breast milk after the births of her second son, Kage, and third son, Kory. When she became pregnant with Kage, she was excited about donating again. She even read a news article about someone breaking the Guinness World Record for breast milk donation, and realized that if her milk production stayed the same, she could break the record herself in just a few months. That was when she set her first record in 2014.

Why Alyse Loves Donating Milk

For Alyse, donating breast milk has been one of the most rewarding experiences of her life. Every time she was pregnant, she was just as excited about donating her milk as she was about growing her family. Her commitment to helping others has made the process feel deeply fulfilling, and she has kept up the donations over the years, even after her own children had stopped breastfeeding.

The Pumping Process: A Lot of Hard Work

Pumping breast milk for donation was no easy task. Alyse pumped every three to four hours regularly. As her children grew older and stopped waking during the night, it became harder to maintain the same pumping schedule. Yet, Alyse remained determined, knowing how many babies her donations were helping.

The Impact of Milk Donation

Alyse is proud to know that each ounce of milk donated can help feed multiple premature babies. According to the Mothers' Milk Bank, each ounce of breast milk can provide nourishment for up to three preemies. She has helped over 350,000 babies. This is a staggering number and reflects her deep commitment to making a difference.

from guinness world records

Advice for Aspiring Donors

Alyse encourages other women who may be overproducing milk to consider donating. She stresses that the safest and most reliable way to donate is through certified milk banks. "There are many ways to donate, but using a certified milk bank ensures the milk is safe and goes to the right people," she advises.

Recognition for Alyse's Contribution

Shaina Starks, Executive Director of the Mothers' Milk Bank of North Texas, praised Alyse's efforts. "Alyse Ogletree has inspired the entire mother. Her incredible commitment to donating such a vast amount of milk is a testament to her extraordinary generosity and compassion," Starks said.

Final Thoughts: A True Inspiration

Alyse Ogletree's story is an inspiration to us all. It shows that one person can make a huge difference, even without financial resources. If you are someone who is overproducing milk, consider donating to help babies in need.

To see such types of world record visit click.

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How can you Check Your EPF Balance without UAN

GOOGLE MOST TRANDING NEWS

How can you Check Your EPF Balance without UAN

EPF

Google searches for the EPFO (Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation) passbook have been among the most popular. This illustrates the increasing interest of EPFO members in learning how to monitor contributions and check their EPF (Employees' Provident Fund)

Balance and comprehend the withdrawal procedure.
Many members are looking for the most recent information online since the EPF organisation often modifies its regulations, including modifications to interest rates and withdrawal guidelines. Planning your finances requires knowing how to access your EPF balance. Here are the procedures to quickly check your EPF balance, regardless of whether you have a Universal Account Number (UAN).

Why is the Employees' Provident Fund (EPF) in existence?
In the Employee Provident Fund (EPF), the employer and employee each make an equal contribution to the employee's account. When you change employment or retire, you can access this savings account.

How to View the Balance of Your EPF.
Several ways, such as SMS, missed calls, the EPFO app, UMANG app, or the EPFO online, are available for you to check your EPF balance. It is particularly crucial to verify your balance if you intend to take out money, take out a loan, or check the interest that has been applied to your account.

Various Ways to Verify Your EPF Balance
1. Missed Call: From your registered mobile phone, send a missed call to 9966044425.
2. SMS o Text the message "EPFOHO UAN" to 7738299899.
3. EPFO Portal to examine your balance, log in to the EPFO website.
4. UMANG App To access EPF services, download the UMANG app.

Using a UAN number to check the EPF balance
The following procedures can be used to verify your EPF balance on the EPFO site if you have an active Universal Account Number (UAN):

1. Click "For Employees" in the "Services" section of the EPFO website.
2. Press the "Member Passbook" button.
3. Sign in by entering your password and UAN.

4. Your Aadhaar-connected cell phone number will get an OTP.
5. After entering the OTP, select "Verify." After that, your EPF balance will show up on the screen.
Conditions to Enter the EPFO Portal:
• You need to have an active UAN.
• After enrolling on the EPFO portal, you will have six hours to access your passbook.
• Your passbook's most recent entries will be shown.
• The EPFO platform does not allow members of private trusts or exempted establishments to access their balance.

Verifying the EPF Balance: Making use of the UMANG App
By installing the UMANG app on your phone, you may also view your EPF balance. Here's how:

1. Get the UMANG app and launch it.
2. Choose "Social Security" after logging in.
3. Select "EPFO" and then select "View Passbook."
4. Get the OTP by entering your UAN.
5. After entering the OTP, select "Submit."
6. Your EPF balance will be shown when you choose the firm whose passbook you wish to check.
EPF Balance Checking Without UAN Number
You can still use the missed call or SMS options listed above to check your EPF balance if you do not have a UAN.
In conclusion

It's critical to understand how to access your EPF balance, particularly in light of the regular regulatory changes. You may quickly check your balance using any of these techniques, whether or not you have a UAN. In addition to being useful for keeping track of your funds, this data is crucial for financial decision-making when it comes to loans and withdrawals.

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“Trump’s Victory Impact on World Politics"

“Trump’s Victory Impact on World Politics"

In the latest U.S. elections, Donald Trump has returned to the political spotlight with a victory that some of his supporters describe as an act of “divine intervention.” Trump himself has often spoken of his win as a moment of divine significance, citing “God saved my life” in his speeches. With a strong commitment to his “Make America Great Again” motto, he has vowed to work relentlessly for the American people. A key supporter throughout his campaign was Elon Musk, whose influence and public backing have stirred speculation about Musk's potential future political aspirations.

Donald Trump

Kamala Harris, on the other hand, was supported by Bill Gates, underscoring how prominent business leaders are more visibly participating in U.S. politics. Musk’s support for Trump, in particular, was seen as a powerful force, helping Trump secure a majority in both the Senate and House, especially in key swing states.

## International Reactions: Support and Concerns

World leaders, from Israel to India, quickly congratulated Trump on his victory. Notably, India’s Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, referred to Trump as “My Dear Friend,” hinting at a unique diplomatic bond. Modi’s words reflect a strong connection that could further strengthen U.S.-India relations. Meanwhile, leaders from Pakistan also congratulated Trump, signaling a broad international acknowledgment of his win. However, his return raises questions about future U.S. foreign policy, particularly given his prior stance on alliances and aid.

## Revisiting "Howdy Modi": India-U.S. Relations

Many Indians, including the Hindu-American community, recall the “Howdy Modi” event during Trump’s previous term, where he expressed admiration for India and highlighted the friendship between the two nations. Many Hindus view Trump as an ally who has spoken against violence against Hindu communities, including incidents in Bangladesh. However, concerns linger around potential tariffs Trump might introduce on imports from countries like China, Brazil, and possibly India, which could impact economic ties.

## Middle East Implications: Strong Ties with Israel and Concerns in Iran

Trump’s close relationship with Israel remains intact. Prime Minister Netanyahu has expressed satisfaction with Trump’s return, viewing it as a renewal of U.S.-Israel solidarity against regional threats like Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in Gaza. Conversely, Iran is uneasy. Trump’s sanctions severely affected the Iranian economy in his last term, and his re-election has led to fears of renewed economic hardships or military tensions, especially with Israel.

## Ukraine and NATO: Uncertain Times Ahead

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky faces uncertainty with Trump’s critical views on NATO, raising concerns about continued U.S. support for Ukraine against Russian aggression. In Trump’s past campaign, Joe Biden was viewed as a safer option for Ukraine. Trump’s return brings up questions about the future of this support.

## Domestic Changes: A More Centralized Approach

Speculation within the U.S. suggests that Trump may bring sweeping changes to government operations, potentially replacing thousands of government employees with loyal supporters. This possibility has raised concerns among critics about a more centralized or “authoritarian” style, with some comparing the trend to other countries.

## Implications for India: Visas and Trade

Trump’s stance on immigration, especially H1-B visas, has long concerned Indian software engineers. However, his firm stance on China may benefit India economically, as higher tariffs on Chinese goods could increase the demand for Indian products.

## Pakistani Concerns: Aid and Security

Trump’s return is met with concern in Pakistan, as his past term saw a reduction in aid to the country. Trump cited mismanagement of U.S. funds as a reason for this cut, and some Pakistanis worry this trend may continue. Trump’s firm stance on immigration and border security resonates with many Indian-American Hindus, who believe his policies may align with their interests.

Trump’s victory has sparked optimism in some areas and trepidation in others. For supporters, it is a hopeful return to his “Make America Great Again” vision, while others watch cautiously, aware of the profound impact his decisions may have both domestically and internationally.

Top Story: Science & Space Exploration

Headline:

"Groundbreaking Discovery: Scientists Uncover First Known Black Hole Triple System"

Introduction

There is a "black hole triple" system, according to a groundbreaking study. This finding is the first time that such a configuration has been found in space by scientists. The system is situated in the Cygnus constellation, around 8,000 light-years away from Earth. It has a black hole in the centre, a star orbiting it closely, and another star farther out.

Top Story: Science & Space Exploration

Discovery of First Black Hole Triple System

Summary: For the first time, scientists have discovered three very enormous black holes in a galaxy around a billion light-years from Earth that are bonded together in a close gravitational interaction. It is thought that the black holes were created by the merger of smaller galaxies, each of which included a core black-hole.
Significance: This discovery has the potential to change how we think about black hole production and galaxy mergers. New hypotheses about the structure of the universe may result from this unique view into the interactions of very large black holes.

Featured Story of the Week: Understanding the Black Hole Triple System

Background:

· A light-year: what is it?
Light can travel 5.9 trillion miles (9.5 trillion km) in a year, which is known as a light-year. Because it takes so long for light from things billions of light-years away to reach us, we are looking at events that occurred billions of years ago when we view them.

· What are black holes?
Because of their intense gravitational attraction, black holes are incredibly dense regions of space from which light cannot escape. The supermassive black hole at the centre of most galaxies, including our own Milky Way, is a common feature.

· Creation of Jets
A black hole may create jets by drawing in surrounding material, such as dust and gas. This material accelerates and becomes magnetised as it descends into the black hole, creating high-energy jets. To continue, these jets require a steady supply of material, about the same mass as the Sun annually.

· Current Developments:

· The discovery was made by a team of international astronomers using a combination of radio and X-ray telescopes, which allowed them to detect the unique gravitational pull and energy emissions characteristic of black holes. They confirmed the presence of three distinct black holes, each millions of times the mass of our Sun, interacting within the same system.

· Implications:

· This triple black hole system could provide valuable data on gravitational waves ripples in space-time caused by accelerating massive objects, which are predicted to be strong in such systems. Studying the interactions within this triple system may also reveal clues about the fate of galaxies and the role of black holes in cosmic evolution. For more, visit click

• Expert Views:

Prominent astronomer Dr. Jane Goodwin stated, "The discovery of a black hole triple system is a game-changer for astrophysics." It allows us a richer knowledge of galaxy evolution and allows us to test gravitational dynamics hypotheses that were previously solely mathematically modelled.

Quick Updates

“Space agencies have increased observation efforts, hoping to gather more data on similar systems.”
“Scientists are planning to use gravitational wave detectors to monitor for signals from the black hole trio, which could offer clues to the system’s future.”
“Further research may confirm whether such systems are more common than previously thought, or if this is a one-of-a-kind phenomenon.”

Public Reaction & Social Sentiment

The world's space aficionados are captivated by this revelation. Discussions about black holes are rife on social media, with hashtags like #Space Discovery and #Triple Black Hole trending. Astrophysics aficionados are keen to find out more about the implications of this finding for our comprehension of cosmic processes, and many people are in awe at the universe's intricacy.

Looking Ahead: What to Watch Next Week

• Upcoming Announcements: Next month, the study team intends to make additional data on their findings public, potentially including more information on the three black holes' distances and interactions.
• More Observations: To keep an eye on the system and see if any comparable combinations can be found, the international astronomy community is deploying more telescopes.

Conclusion

A major turning point in space exploration, the finding of the first black hole triple system casts doubt on earlier hypotheses on galaxy mergers and black hole genesis. New information may surface as researchers continue to examine this uncommon occurrence, expanding our understanding of the cosmos.

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